Tsis ntev dhau los, daim ntawv teb ib nrab xyoo rau kev sib koom ua ke ntawm Hengqin ntawm Zhuhai thiab Macao tau maj mam nthuav tawm. Ib qho ntawm cov hla ciam teb optical fibers nyiam mloog. Nws dhau los ntawm Zhuhai thiab Macao kom paub txog kev siv hluav taws xob sib cuam tshuam thiab kev sib koom ntawm Macao mus rau Hengqin, thiab tsim kom muaj cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm. Shanghai tseem txhawb nqa kev txhim kho thiab hloov pauv qhov project "optical rau hauv tooj liab rov qab" tag nrho-fiber kev sib txuas lus network kom ntseeg tau tias kev txhim kho kev lag luam zoo thiab kev sib txuas lus zoo dua rau cov neeg nyob hauv.
Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm Internet technology, cov neeg siv cov kev thov rau Internet tsheb yog nce ib hnub twg, yuav ua li cas los txhim kho lub peev xwm ntawm optical fiber kev sib txuas lus tau dhau los ua ib qho teeb meem ceev yuav tsum tau daws.
Txij li thaum lub ntsej muag ntawm optical fiber kev sib txuas lus thev naus laus zis, nws tau coj cov kev hloov pauv loj hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis thiab tib neeg. Raws li ib qho tseem ceeb daim ntawv thov ntawm laser technology, laser cov ntaub ntawv technology sawv cev los ntawm optical fiber kev sib txuas lus technology tau tsim lub moj khaum ntawm niaj hnub kev sib txuas lus network thiab ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kis tau tus mob. Optical fiber kev sib txuas lus thev naus laus zis yog ib qho tseem ceeb nqa lub zog ntawm lub ntiaj teb Is Taws Nem tam sim no, thiab nws kuj yog ib qho ntawm cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hnub nyoog.
Nrog kev tshwm sim tsis tu ncua ntawm ntau yam kev siv thev naus laus zis xws li Is Taws Nem ntawm Yam, cov ntaub ntawv loj, kev muaj tiag virtual, kev txawj ntse (AI), kev sib txuas lus thib tsib (5G) thiab lwm yam thev naus laus zis, kev xav tau siab dua tau muab tso rau hauv kev sib pauv ntaub ntawv thiab kev sib kis. Raws li kev tshawb fawb cov ntaub ntawv tso tawm los ntawm Cisco hauv 2019, thoob ntiaj teb kev lag luam IP txhua xyoo yuav nce los ntawm 1.5ZB (1ZB = 1021B) hauv 2017 txog 4.8ZB hauv 2022, nrog kev loj hlob txhua xyoo ntawm 26%. Tau ntsib nrog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tsheb loj, kev sib txuas lus fiber ntau optical, raws li lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib txuas lus network, yog nyob rau hauv kev nyuaj siab heev los hloov kho. High-speed, loj-muaj peev xwm kho qhov muag fiber ntau kev sib txuas lus systems thiab tes hauj lwm yuav yog lub ntsiab kev loj hlob kev taw qhia ntawm optical fiber kev sib txuas lus technology.
Kev Txhim Kho Keeb Kwm thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb ntawm Optical Fiber Communication Technology
Thawj ruby laser tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1960, tom qab tshawb pom tias lasers ua haujlwm li cas los ntawm Arthur Showlow thiab Charles Townes hauv xyoo 1958. Tom qab ntawd, xyoo 1970, thawj AlGaAs semiconductor laser muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm tas li ntawm chav tsev kub tau ua tiav, thiab xyoo 1977, lub semiconductor laser tau pom tau tias ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua rau kaum tawm txhiab teev hauv qhov chaw ua haujlwm.
Txog tam sim no, lasers muaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau kev lag luam optical fiber kev sib txuas lus. Los ntawm qhov pib ntawm kev tsim lub laser, cov neeg tsim khoom tau lees paub nws cov peev txheej tseem ceeb hauv kev sib txuas lus. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ob qhov tsis txaus ntseeg hauv kev sib txuas lus hauv tshuab laser: ib qho yog tias lub zog loj yuav ploj mus vim qhov sib txawv ntawm lub laser beam; lwm qhov yog tias nws cuam tshuam zoo heev los ntawm kev thov ib puag ncig, xws li daim ntawv thov hauv huab cua ib puag ncig yuav ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv huab cua. Yog li ntawd, rau kev sib txuas lus laser, lub teeb pom kev zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.
Cov fiber ntau kho qhov muag siv rau kev sib txuas lus tau thov los ntawm Dr. Kao Kung, tus yeej Nobel nqi zog hauv physics, ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm laser kev sib txuas lus tshuab rau waveguides. Nws tau hais tias Rayleigh tawg tawg ntawm iav fiber ntau tuaj yeem qis heev (tsawg dua 20 dB / km), thiab lub zog poob hauv fiber ntau yog los ntawm kev nqus ntawm lub teeb los ntawm impurities hauv cov ntaub ntawv iav, yog li cov khoom siv purification yog qhov tseem ceeb. txhawm rau txo cov fiber ntau optical poob Key, thiab tseem tau taw qhia tias kev sib kis ib leeg yog ib qho tseem ceeb los tswj kev sib txuas lus zoo.
Xyoo 1970, Corning Glass Company tau tsim lub quartz-based multimode optical fiber ntau nrog qhov poob ntawm 20dB / km raws li Dr. Kao cov lus qhia kom huv, ua rau cov khoom siv fiber ntau muaj tseeb rau kev sib txuas lus xov xwm. Tom qab kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho tas mus li, qhov poob ntawm quartz-raws li optical fibers mus txog qhov kev txwv theoretical. Txog tam sim no, cov xwm txheej ntawm kev sib txuas lus optical fiber ntau tau txaus siab.
Thaum ntxov optical fiber kev sib txuas lus systems txhua tus tau txais txoj kev tau txais kev pom ncaj qha. Qhov no yog ib qho yooj yim optical fiber kev sib txuas lus txoj kev. PD yog lub ntsuas hluav taws xob square, thiab tsuas yog qhov kev siv ntawm cov teeb liab kho qhov muag tuaj yeem kuaj pom. Qhov kev kuaj pom ncaj qha tau txais txoj hauv kev tau txuas ntxiv los ntawm thawj tiam ntawm kev sib txuas lus fiber ntau hauv xyoo 1970 txog rau xyoo 1990.
Txhawm rau nce kev siv spectrum hauv bandwidth, peb yuav tsum pib los ntawm ob yam: ib qho yog siv cov cuab yeej siv los ua kom muaj kev txwv Shannon, tab sis qhov nce hauv spectrum efficiency tau nce cov kev xav tau ntawm kev sib txuas lus-rau- suab nrov piv, yog li txo qhov kis nrug deb; lwm qhov yog ua kom siv tag nrho cov theem, Cov ntaub ntawv nqa lub peev xwm ntawm lub xeev polarization yog siv rau kev sib kis, uas yog qhov thib ob tiam coherent optical kev sib txuas lus.
Qhov thib ob tiam coherent kho qhov muag kev sib txuas lus system siv ib tug optical mixer rau intradyne nrhiav kom tau, thiab txais polarization ntau haiv neeg txais tos, uas yog, thaum tau txais kawg, lub teeb liab teeb thiab lub zos oscillator teeb yog decomposed rau hauv ob lub teeb ntawm lub teeb uas nws polarization xeev yog orthogonal. rau ib leeg. Ua li no, polarization-insensitive txais yuav ua tiav. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau taw qhia tias nyob rau lub sijhawm no, kev soj ntsuam ntau zaus, cov txheej txheem thauj khoom rov qab, sib npaug, synchronization, polarization nrhiav thiab demultiplexing ntawm qhov kawg tau txais tag nrho tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev ua cov teeb liab digital (DSP) thev naus laus zis, uas yooj yim heev rau kho vajtse. tsim ntawm lub receiver, thiab txhim kho cov teeb liab rov qab muaj peev xwm.
Qee qhov kev sib tw thiab kev txiav txim siab ntsib txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Optical Fiber Communication Technology
Los ntawm kev siv ntau yam thev naus laus zis, lub voj voog kev kawm thiab kev lag luam tau pib mus txog qhov txwv ntawm qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev sib txuas lus fiber ntau optical. Txhawm rau txuas ntxiv kom muaj peev xwm kis tau tus mob, nws tsuas tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev nce qhov system bandwidth B (linearly nce peev) lossis nce lub teeb liab-rau- suab nrov piv. Kev sib tham tshwj xeeb yog raws li hauv qab no.
1. Kev daws kom muaj zog xa hluav taws xob
Txij li thaum cov nyhuv nonlinear tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib kis ntawm lub zog siab tuaj yeem raug txo los ntawm kev ua kom zoo ntawm qhov chaw ntawm fiber ntau hla ntu, nws yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem kom muaj zog siv ob peb hom fiber ntau es tsis txhob siv ib hom fiber ntau rau kev sib kis. Tsis tas li ntawd, tam sim no feem ntau cov kev daws teeb meem rau cov teeb meem tsis yog kab yog siv cov digital backpropagation (DBP) algorithm, tab sis kev txhim kho ntawm kev ua tau zoo algorithm yuav ua rau muaj kev nce hauv kev suav cov complexity. Tsis ntev los no, kev tshawb fawb ntawm tshuab kev kawm technology nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj them tsis yog linear tau qhia ib tug zoo daim ntawv thov kev cia siab, uas zoo heev txo cov complexity ntawm lub algorithm, yog li tus tsim ntawm DBP system yuav pab tau los ntawm kev kawm tshuab yav tom ntej.
2. Ua kom cov bandwidth ntawm optical amplifier
Kev nce qhov bandwidth tuaj yeem tawg los ntawm kev txwv ntawm ntau zaus ntawm EDFA. Ntxiv rau C-band thiab L-band, S-band tuaj yeem suav nrog hauv daim ntawv thov ntau, thiab SOA lossis Raman amplifier tuaj yeem siv rau kev nthuav dav. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom siv kho qhov muag uas twb muaj lawm muaj qhov poob loj hauv ntau zaus uas tsis yog S-band, thiab nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tsim hom tshiab ntawm fiber ntau optical los txo qhov kev sib kis. Tab sis rau tag nrho cov bands, kev lag luam uas muaj optical amplification technology kuj yog ib qho kev sib tw.
3. Kev tshawb fawb txog kev sib kis tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob tsis zoo
Kev tshawb fawb txog kev xa tawm tsis tshua muaj fiber ntau yog ib qho teeb meem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv daim teb no. Hollow core fiber (HCF) muaj peev xwm txo qis kev sib kis, uas yuav txo tau lub sij hawm ncua ntawm fiber ntau kis tau tus mob thiab tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov teeb meem nonlinear fiber ntau.
4. Kev tshawb fawb ntawm qhov chaw faib multiplexing ntsig txog technologies
Space-division multiplexing technology yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem zoo los ua kom muaj peev xwm ntawm ib qho fiber ntau. Tshwj xeeb, multi-core optical fiber yog siv rau kev sib kis, thiab lub peev xwm ntawm ib qho fiber ntau yog ob npaug. Qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb hauv qhov no yog seb puas muaj lub tshuab ua kom pom kev zoo dua. , txwv tsis pub nws tsuas tuaj yeem sib npaug rau ntau qhov ib leeg-core optical fibers; siv hom kev faib multiplexing tshuab xws li linear polarization hom, OAM beam raws li theem singularity thiab cylindrical vector beam raws li polarization singularity, xws li thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem ua Beam multiplexing muab qib tshiab ntawm kev ywj pheej thiab txhim kho lub peev xwm ntawm kev sib txuas lus kho qhov muag. Nws muaj cov ntawv thov dav dav hauv kev sib txuas lus kho qhov muag fiber ntau, tab sis kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov khoom siv kho qhov muag cuam tshuam kuj yog qhov nyuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav ua li cas sib npaug ntawm qhov system complexity tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib txawv ntawm pawg pab pawg qeeb thiab ntau cov tswv yim ntau-tso tawm digital equalization technology kuj tsim nyog mloog.
Kev cia siab rau kev txhim kho ntawm Optical Fiber Communication Technology
Optical fiber kev sib txuas lus thev naus laus zis tau tsim los ntawm kev pib qis qis mus rau kev sib kis ceev tam sim no, thiab tau dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis txhawb nqa cov ntaub ntawv hauv zej zog, thiab tau tsim kev qhuab qhia loj thiab kev sib raug zoo. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, raws li lub zej zog qhov kev thov rau cov ntaub ntawv kis tau tus mob ntxiv, optical fiber kev sib txuas lus systems thiab network technologies yuav evolve mus rau ultra-loj peev xwm, txawj ntse, thiab kev koom ua ke. Thaum txhim kho kev sib kis tau zoo, lawv yuav txuas ntxiv txo cov nqi thiab ua haujlwm rau tib neeg txoj sia nyob thiab pab lub teb chaws tsim cov ntaub ntawv. zej zog ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. CeiTa tau koom tes nrog ntau lub koom haum kev puas tsuaj ntuj tsim, uas tuaj yeem kwv yees cov lus ceeb toom kev nyab xeeb hauv cheeb tsam xws li av qeeg, dej nyab, thiab tsunami. Nws tsuas yog yuav tsum tau txuas nrog ONU ntawm CeiTa. Thaum muaj kev puas tsuaj ntuj tsim, lub chaw nres tsheb av qeeg yuav ceeb toom ntxov. Lub davhlau ya nyob twg nyob rau hauv ONU Alerts yuav synchronized.
(1) Intelligent optical network
Piv nrog rau kev sib txuas lus wireless, qhov kev sib txuas lus kho qhov muag thiab kev sib txuas ntawm cov ntse optical network tseem nyob rau theem pib ntawm kev teeb tsa lub network, kev saib xyuas network thiab kev kuaj xyuas qhov txhaum, thiab qib kev txawj ntse tsis txaus. Vim lub peev xwm loj ntawm ib qho fiber ntau, qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib qho fiber ntau tsis ua haujlwm yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau kev lag luam thiab tib neeg. Yog li ntawd, kev saib xyuas ntawm lub network tsis yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau kev txhim kho cov kev txawj ntse yav tom ntej. Cov lus qhia kev tshawb fawb uas yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib rau hauv qhov no yav tom ntej muaj xws li: qhov system parameter xyuas qhov system raws li kev yooj yim coherent thev naus laus zis thiab kev kawm tshuab, kev soj ntsuam lub cev kom muaj nuj nqis raws li cov teeb liab tsom xam thiab theem-sensitive optical time-domain reflection.
(2) Integrated technology thiab system
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov cuab yeej yog los txo cov nqi. Nyob rau hauv optical fiber kev sib txuas lus technology, luv luv-nyob high-ceev kis tau tus mob ntawm cov teeb liab yuav tsum tau paub los ntawm tas mus li teeb liab regeneration. Txawm li cas los xij, vim muaj teeb meem ntawm theem thiab polarization lub xeev rov qab los, kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov tshuab coherent tseem nyuaj heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke loj-hluav taws xob-hluav taws xob-kho qhov muag pom tau, lub peev xwm ntawm lub cev kuj tseem yuav txhim kho tau zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, vim muaj cov yam ntxwv xws li kev ua haujlwm qis, kev ua haujlwm siab, thiab nyuaj rau kev sib koom ua ke, nws tsis yooj yim sua kom nthuav dav tag nrho cov teeb pom kev zoo xws li all-optical 2R (re-amplification, re-shaping), 3R (re-amplification). , rov ua lub sijhawm, thiab rov ua dua tshiab) hauv kev sib txuas lus kho qhov muag. ua tshuab. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev koom ua ke technology thiab systems, yav tom ntej kev tshawb fawb cov lus qhia yog raws li nram no: Txawm hais tias cov kev tshawb fawb uas twb muaj lawm nyob rau hauv qhov chaw division multiplexing systems yog tus nplua nuj, cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm qhov chaw division multiplexing systems tseem tsis tau ua tiav technology breakthroughs nyob rau hauv academia thiab kev lag luam, thiab xav tau kev txhawb zog ntxiv. Kev tshawb fawb, xws li kev sib xyaw lasers thiab modulators, ob-dimensional integrated receivers, high-energy-efficiency integrated optical amplifiers, thiab lwm yam.; hom tshiab ntawm optical fibers tuaj yeem nthuav dav qhov system bandwidth, tab sis tseem xav tau kev tshawb fawb ntxiv los xyuas kom meej tias lawv cov kev ua tau zoo thiab cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov uas twb muaj lawm Cov theem ntawm hom fiber ntau; kawm ntau yam khoom siv uas tuaj yeem siv nrog cov fiber ntau hauv kev sib txuas lus.
(3) Cov khoom siv sib txuas lus kho qhov muag
Hauv kev sib txuas lus kho qhov muag, kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim cov khoom siv silicon photonic tau ua tiav thawj zaug. Txawm li cas los xij, tam sim no, kev tshawb fawb txog kev lag luam hauv tsev feem ntau yog los ntawm cov khoom siv passive, thiab kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tau yog qhov tsis muaj zog. Hais txog kev sib txuas lus kho qhov muag, cov lus qhia kev tshawb fawb yav tom ntej muaj xws li: kev tshawb fawb kev koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv kho qhov muag silicon; kev tshawb fawb txog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov cuab yeej siv kho qhov muag uas tsis yog silicon, xws li kev tshawb fawb txog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv III-V thiab substrates; txuas ntxiv txhim kho cov cuab yeej tshiab tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho. Ua raws li, xws li kev sib xyaw lithium niobate optical waveguide nrog qhov zoo ntawm kev kub ceev thiab kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg.
Post lub sij hawm: Aug-03-2023
